探秘有刷与无刷电机性能差异

导语：在众多种类的电机中，有刷电机和无刷电机是两大代表。为了让大家对这两种类型有更深入的了解，本文将详细介绍有刷和无刷电机之间的区别。

一、有 Brushes 的 Electric Motors

有 Brushes 电动机是一种内置具有动态转换功能（即将机械能转换为电能或反之）的旋转型设备。它是所有电动机会基础，是一种技术成熟且广泛应用于各种工业领域，尤其是在需要快速启动、精确控制速度及制动时表现出色。此外，它们能够在较宽范围内实现平滑调速，并且拥有简单易行的控制系统。

二、No Brushes Electric Motors

No Brushes 直流式交流变频器驱动直流线圈运行，无需额外绕组，也不会因为负载突然变化而导致振荡或失步。目前，大部分小容量用途中的No Brushes 电池采用高磁力密度材料，如稀土钕铁硼（Nd-Fe-B），使得这些设备体积比同等功率三相异步式使用了一个标准尺寸减少。

三、Comparison of Brushed and No Brushed Electric Motors Performance Differences

Simplified Structure & Mature Technology - Early on, the first practical electric motor was a brushed type, and it quickly gained popularity due to its simplicity in design and ease of manufacturing.

Rapid Response & High Starting Torque - The direct current brushed motors exhibit fast response times, high starting torque, smooth speed control with no vibration during acceleration from zero to maximum speed. In contrast, the brushless motors have a higher startup resistance (inrush current) resulting in lower power factor and smaller starting torque.

Smooth Operation & Better Braking Control - Brushed motors are renowned for their stable operation during both acceleration and deceleration phases whereas brushless counterparts can be less predictable in these aspects.

Higher Precision Control - The precision control capabilities of brushed motors are highly regarded due to their compatibility with gearboxes or encoders that allow for greater output power while maintaining precise control; often achieving accuracy levels down to 0.01 millimeters.

Lower Cost & Easier Maintenance - Due to their simpler structure, mass production capacity by multiple manufacturers with established technology makes them more affordable than brushless alternatives which require replacement if malfunctioning; thus being ideal for industrial settings like factories or machine shops where maintenance is relatively straightforward.

Zero Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

The absence of brushes eliminates electrical arcing present in brushed motor operation thereby minimizing interference with wireless devices such as radios.

Reduced Noise Level

The elimination of brushes results in significantly reduced friction during operation leading to quieter performance.

Longer Lifespan & Minimal Maintenance Requirements

With fewer moving parts contributing wear over time compared to traditional electromechanical components found within standard electric motors based on principle rather than mechanical need alone will reduce overall maintenance requirements while extending lifespan through reduced contact points between moving parts requiring only occasional dust removal before returning into service after repairs have been performed following some routine inspection procedures necessary when using any kind-of machinery toolset used by most technicians working around machines they use daily at work places but still very rare among people who do not work directly handling those tools themselves though this does happen sometimes too especially when someone else has already done all necessary steps correctly beforehand so there isn't much left doing except just checking everything looks fine before putting back together then you're good go ahead now!